Internal-combustion engine



jam, g, 194). I s, sHELDRlCK 2,186,080

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE I Original Filed July 9. 1936 2 s t qg 1 U QQ U F/G/ /a /7 INVENTOR a2. 5. SW win/E55 BY 3W 4 AT ORNEYS.

Jan. 9, 1940. L. s. SHELDRICK" 2,186,080

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Qrigixial Filed July 9, 193a 2 Sheets-Sheet2N INVENTOR t. 316mm (fa/w Patented 1 Y W ow 7 '7 -U'Nllhfii hi TE.FS'IEFNT l.v FlCE g I aiseocc i a INTERNAL-COMBUSTEON ENGINE Laurence $5.Shelolrick, Dearb o rn; Mich, assignor to FordMotor 'Company,.-Dearborn,Mich, a corporation oiDelaware I a I .-'0riginal application July 9,-1936; Serial Non..." ,;89, 2 8 4. Divided and-this application October31, i938,-Seri alN ZSLS ZS" p .1 c im l12 i JIhis is a'division ofapplication, Serial No. heads and to 'drawythe water from-the cylinder89.78%, filed July 931936, by Laurence S; Sheldrick head's My-improvedconstruction allows the I on an Internal-combustionengine. v pumps to,be placed near the upper ends of the The objectof my invention isto-provide an cylinders and, still forces: the water into the vl5internal-combustion engine "having 'a novel wablocks so that elficientthermal operation of the ter circulating system. My improvedsystem ismotor is maintained withfa simple pumpgand believed to be more eficientin operation and driving mechanism. I y simpler to construct than theconventional type. A further objection to placing the water pumpsSpecifically, the object of my invention is to in: the inletwater-passageways is that it has been 19 provide a com binedmotorsupport,water pump necessary vtowplace the pumps at a lower: level 19.

and water inlet connection, which unit is adaptthan-.thclowest partofthe cylinder water jacket. ed to be secured to the front end or a V-typeI 111- order that the cooling system may be drained motor. j d d byasinglevalve 'atjthe-bottom of the radiator.

Still a further object of my "invention is to IffithG pumps were placedat the top of the i provide a waterpump which is lubricated by oilblocks a drain valve for each block-besides the 59 pumps at the upperportions of-the cylinder from the engine oiling system and which pumpradiator. valve, was heretofore required. Stick: I has provisions forkeepirigfwater which may seep valves are; dangerous to use as aninexperienced through the pump seal; from entering the oil operator "mayonly open the radiator drain or reservoir. Heretofore most water pumpshave one of the cylinder'block'valves to empty the 20 been lubricatedthrough grease fittings or. a sepcooling system and thereby crack onecylinder 20 arate'oil; supply which;r equires' periodic serviceblockjiif the engine'should-i'reeze. With-myiming. My improvedconstructionrequiresno at proved,construction, the pumps are placed inthe tention whatever as the oil reservoiris kept filled inletline andnear the top of the cylinder blocks by the normal operation of themotor. and still the opening of 'a single valve or pet Still a, furtherobject of my invent-ion is to cock at the bottom ofthe radiator willdrain the 25 provide a cooling system wherein a Water pump entirecooling syste'm. l v is mounted on each cylinder blockjof a 90-degreeStill. a further object of my invention, {al v type motor, which pumpsiorce the water into 7 though. of .les ser imp'ortance and perhaps notthe cylinder blocks instead ofdrawingthe water "entirely new is toprovide a water pump which out of same. Thus a higheriand more efiicientwill have'a uniform discharge vfor each speed, 30 operating temperature.i"or the; motor may be irrespective o futhe vshape of the chamber intovmaintained without causing the cooling water to which the water isdischarged. This ifeatureis boil.- While it is not new to pump coolingwater especially; important .in connection with V-type into an enginecylinder block,xsti1l my improved motors where a pump. is provided foreach cyl .3 installation overcomes certain objections which inder blockof the motorgf Thus,:with m'ycon restricted the use of this type .ofpump on V- struction both blocksare uniformly cooled to the type.motorsof 90 degrees or "more included same temperature. 1 H angle. vStill a further object 'of my invention is to With suehmotors it is verydesirable to .drive provide a centrifugal pump having a single an- .40both water pumps and the engine fan by a sinnulus of propellervanes andwhich pump is free 40 gle V-belt which extends around a crank shaft frcm end thrust-due .to :the pressure developed pulley and over theoutside ofboth pump pulleys In t 'prqm pump which is a. 5 P 7 i 0 ed bthe; urn is impressed .u' onfltheleod' ficient arcuaierconmt between theCrank shaft '0? the ii npeller to ioduce end thrus t. Theapplig v 'derto obtain the required belt contact it has functions with'smauxvafiafiofl heretofore been necessary to place the water m'loadupon thevseal and consequently? h ination of endthrust allows apredetermined load .block's as a lower position of the pumps reduced toP e spnzng 9mi 1 -the-arcuate belt: contact to the point'where ex- Wl ia f o h 0 3 W,= f-

cessive tension was necessary to drive the units. en conslsts -a e e ucIt was. therefore much simpler; although not as an c m ina n 0f thevarious p rtsuoi my mgt desirablato place thekpu nps in the cylinderproved device as described in thishspecificationtc claimed in my claimsand illustrated in the ac companying drawings, in which: 4

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a V-type motor having my improved watercirculating system installed thereon.

Figure 2 is a front view ofthe motor shown in Figure 1, a portion of thetiming gear cover being broken away'to better illustrate the oilingsystem employed therein.

Figure 3 is a sectional view, taken on the line jacket has a circularopening iiextending therethrough over which my improved pumps aremounted.

As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, an exhaust f conduit i2 is cast in eachblock ii]. Figure 3 shows the exhaust conduit as.positioned in the lefthand cylinder block wherein this conduit is disposed quite close to thefront wall of the water jacket. These exhaust conduits conductthe-exhaust gas from the firing chambers to the outside of the motorwhere it is dischargedinto a suitable manifold not shown in thedrawings. It will benoted that the cylinders, numbered I4, of onecylinder block andv spaceda substantial distance forwardly from thecylinders in the other cylinder block and consequently, the exhaustconduit I?) of the right hand block is spaced a considerable distancerearwardly from the position of the conduit I2, as shown in FigureB. Thefront face of the conduit 1-2 is machined to a flat disc-shaped surface,while'a plate 5! is cast in the other cylinderblock in position spacedforwardly from the conduit l5, the front face of the plate 51 beingmachined toa fiat disc-shaped surface.

' tatably mounted adjacent to these surfaces.

The engine-is provided with a driving pulley l! which is secured to thefront end of the crank shaft l3 and over which a V-belt i8 is drawn. Thewater pumps associated with this engine are adapted to be driven by thebelt l8 and'must consequently be longitudinally aligned with each other.For this reason the front face of the engine is formed as a flat plate16 across both banks of cylinders so that the water pumps may be bothsecured in alignment with the pulley i1.

' Each water pump comprises a. housing I9, which is secured to the frontwall I 6 by five cap screws 20. It will'be noted from Figure 3 that thehousings l9 are each provided with a cylindrival sleeve 2! over which aninlethose 22is secured. The sleeves are aligned with the lowermost partsof the cylinder block water jackets and. connect with verticallyextending passage-' ways 23 in the housings 19, which passageways 23terminate in openings 24 which are aligned with the openings n in'thecylinder blocks.

Thus water may enter through the sleeve 2| and then circulate upwardlythrough the passageway 23 and then through the aligned openings 24 andH. so as to enter each cylinder block. It will be noted that a'suitableflange 25 extends outwardiy 'stantial alignment with the pulley l1.

Impellers about to be described are rofrom each housing l9 through whichthree of the screws 20 aresecured, while the other two screws extendthrough the center. portion of each housing. Five cap screws are used tosecure each housing It to the cylinder block in order that thesehousings may support the front end or the motor. In order to so supportthe motor, a bracket 26 is cast integrally with each housing H! whichbrackets extend laterally from the castings and form the motor supports.

An oil reservoir 2'! is cast integrally with the upper end of each pumphousing l9, the reservoir 2'5 projecting forwardly therefrom and havinga chamber therein in which oil is received. A bushing 28 is pressedthrough suitable openings in the walls of the reservoir and extendstherethrough in substantial alignment with;the openings 24. The bushings28 areformed of porous bronze which is constructed so that lubricantapplied to the outside of the bushing filters through and lubricates theshaft which is supported thereby. A pump shaft 29 is rotatably mountedin the bushing 28 and projects fromeachend of the bushing, the forwardend of "the shaft 29 having a pulley 39 fixed thereto which is in subThe other end of the shaft 29 is provided with an impeller 25%, thisimpeller comprising a hub member having a radially extending flange 32extending therefrom. It will be noted that the flange 32 is positionedinwardly through the opening "H in the respective cylinder block andthat vanes 33 are cast integrally with each flange 32 so that water willbe drawn in the conventional manner through the opening '24 anddischarged radially by the vanes 33. A cylindrical sleeve 34 projectsinwardly from the hub member'of the impeller and drives a carbon disc 35which forms the water seal for this pump. The disc 35 is resilientlyurged against the end of the housing Is by means of a spring 38. Asuitable rubber water seal sleeve 31 coacts with the shaft 29 and disc35 to prevent water from leaking around the shaft. The water seal justdescribed forms no part of this invention and is merely illustrated toshow a suitable means of preventing water from leaking from the pump.

Referring to Figures 3, 4 and 5, it will be noted that a passageway 38is provided between the outer wall of the housing I9 and the reservoir21 through which the bushing 28 is pressed. The purpose of thepassageway 38 isv to allowwater which may leak between the inner end ofthe bushing 28 and the housing H! to drain out of the pump and thusprevent such water from entering into the oil reservoir 21. Water thatmay leak or pass the disc --35 and which travels along the shaft 29 willbe thrown outwardly at the pulley end of the shaft to prevent itsentering into the oil reservoir at this-point.

Means will now. be described whereby the oil reservoir 2'! is keptfilled with oil by the normal action of the motor.

Referring to Figure 2 it will be noted that a cam shaft gear 39 isrotatably mounted within the engine in the conventional manner and thata cam shaft gear cover plate 45 is secured to the front wall !6 of thecylinder block to form a closure for the timing gears of the motor. Thecasting NJ is provided with a passageway "41 aligned with the gear 39which extends towards the right hand water pump while a secondpassageway, shown by dotted lines 42,1extends radially from theother'side towards the left hand water pump. A pair of drilled holes .43"extend through indirect communication with the passageways.

the wall l6 and communicate with the ends of the passageways 4| and 42,these openings being aligned with drilled openings 44 in each of thepump housings l 9. The openings 44 extend from the chambers within thereservoir 21 to theadjacent openings 43 so that these chambers are 4|and 42, respectively. During the normal operation of the engine, oil isthrown centrifugally by the timing gear 39, some of which oil is throwninto the passageways 4| and 42 and eventually flows through the holes43, openings 44 and into the chambers within the reservoirs 2 1. Thelubricant then fliters through the bushings 28 to lubricate the shafts29.

When the motor is running the cooling medium isdrawn through each hose22, then through the passageways 23 and is then forced by the impellervanes 33 into the'water jacket around the cylinders; The water thenflows through the cooling passageways in the cylinder heads of the motorto a pair of outlet flanges 45 from which itis conducted by means ofa'hose 46 to the'upper portion of a conventional radiator 41.

It will be noted from Figure 1 that I have provided a pet cook 48 whichis disposed in the bottom of the radiator 41. -When it is desired todrain the cooling system the pet cock is opened. The water pumps arelocated at the upper portion of the cylinder blocks, as shown in Figures2 and 3 so that water will not drain through the openings 24 from thelower part of the water jacket..

In order that a separate pet cock will not'be required for each waterjacket I have provided aligned openings 49 and 50, in the lower part ofthe housings l9 and front face l6, respectively. These openings arerelatively small so that even though they allow some water from theblock to flow back into the pump inlet, the loss resulting from this isnegligible. It is believed that the gain in being able to place thepumps at the upper part of the block and to force the water into theblocks with a simple belt drive much more than offsets the lossresulting from the use of the drain holes 49 and 50. I,

It will be noted that an axial opening 52 is provided through the hub ofeach impeller 3| within the sleeve 34. Fluid pressure which may developbetween the plate 5| and the impeller will thereby be relieved bydischarging the fluid into the inlet passageway from in back of thecarbon disc 35. There is only a small clearance space between theimpeller and the plate 5| so that even in the absence of vanes on theback of the impeller, the fluid will be forced centrifugally by the skinfriction of the impeller disc and thus prevent the fluid from developinga pressure in back of the impeller. The openings 52, being connected tothe inlet passageway, equalize any slight differ-.

ence in pressure so that'no end thrust develops. This result is believedunique in internal-combustion engine pumps, the impellers of which areadapted to be inserted into the water jackets of the engine.

Among the further advantages arising from the use of my improvedconstruction, it may be well to mention that I have provided a watercirculating system which isespecially desirable for use on V-type motorsof 90 degrees or more included angle. The simplicity of the drive,together with the increased engine efficiency and the fact that thesystem may be drained by the opening of one pet cock, has not heretoforebeen incorporated in any V-type engine known to the applicant,

' Still a'furtheradvantage results from the simplified oiling systemforthe pumps wherein the operation of the engine maintains lubricant in theoil reservoirs of the pumps without the attention of the operator.

Some changes may be made in the arrangement, constructionand'combination of the various parts of my improved device withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, and it is my intention tocover by my claims such changes as may reasonably be included within thescope thereof.

I claim as my invention:

' 1. In combination, an internal-combustion engine cylinder black havingawater jacket therearound, said jacket having an opening therethrough ata point spaced upwardly from the bottom thereof, a pump housing securedto said water jacket over said opening, said housing extending from thebottom of the water jacket to a point above said opening, an impelleradapted to force water from the, pump housing into the water jacket, andan inlet port in said housing positioned in horizontal alignment withthe bottom of said water. jacket, said water jacket and pump housinghaving a restricted passageway extending therethrough in positionvertically aligned with the bottomof said water jacket, whereby coolingwater may flow from the bottom of a water jacket to the inlet port forthe purpose described.

2. In combination, an internal-combustion engine cylinder blockhaving awater jacket therearound, said water jacket having an openingtherethrough in its upper portion, a pump housing secured to said waterjacket over said opening, said housing extending from the. bottom'of thewater jacket to a point above said opening, an impeller rotatablymounted in said housing, so as to force water from the housing into thewater jacket, and an inlet sleeve projecting outwardly from the lowerportion of said housing in horizontal. alignment with the bottom of saidwater jacket, said water jacket and pump housing hav ing a restricted,passageway extending therethrough position vertically aligned with thebottom of said water jacket, whereby cooling wa- "ter may flow from thebottom of the water jacket to the inlet sleeve, for the purposedescribed.

,3. In combination, an internalcombustion engine cylinder block having awater jacket therearound, one end of said block having a machinedsurface extending substantially the full height thereof, and saidmachined portion of the water jacket having an opening extendingtherethrough near the upper portion of said jacket, a pump housingadaptedto be fixedly secured. to said machined surface in position'oversaid opening, said housing extending the full height of said machinedsurfaceanimpeller rotatably mounted in said housing and extending intothe water jacket through said opening, so that upon rotation of saidimpeller water will be drawn from said housing and forced into the waterjacket, an inlet sleeve formedintegrally with said housing andprojecting outwardly therefrom in horizontal alignment with the bottomof said water jacket, said water jacket and housing having alignedrestricted openings therein in position vertically aligned with thebottom of said water jacket,

whereby cooling water may flow from the bottom ofthe water jacket to theinlet sleeve, for the purpose described.

4. A V-type internal-combustion engine where- I jacket,each of saidjackets having awn-opening therethrough in its upper portion, a pumphousing secured over each of said openings, each housing extending fromthe bottom of the adjacent water jacket to a point above said openings,an impeller rotatably mounted in each of said housings which uponrotation forces water from the housing into the adjacent Water jacket,and an inlet sleeve projecting outwardly from the lower portion of eachhousing in substantial horizontal alignment with the bottom of theadjacent water jacket, each of said water jackets and adjacent pumphousings having a restricted passageway extending therethrough inposition vertically aligned with the bottom of the Water jacket, wherebycooling water may flow from the bottom of the water jacket to theadjacent inlet sleeve, a driving pulley disposed on the crank shaft ofsaid engine, and a pulley fixed to each oi said impellers, and a beltextending around said crank shaft and water pump pulley, for the purposedescribed. I I

5. A water circulating system for a cylinder block comprising, a waterjacket disposed around said block having an opening in an outer wallthereof spaced upwardly from the bottom there- 7 011a circulating pumphaving a housing secured to said wall over said opening, said housingextending from the bottom of the water jacket to a point above saidopening, said pump circulating water through said opening into saidwater jacket,-an inlet port for said housing disposed at the level ofthe bottom of said water jacket, and 'a restricted passageway extendingbetween said water jacket and said housing at the level of the bottom ofsaid water jacket, whereby water may be drained from the bottom of thewater jacket through said inlet port of the pump housing.

LAURENCE s. SHELDRICK. g0

